Exception Handling in Python

Exception handling is an essential aspect of writing robust and error-tolerant Python code. It allows you to gracefully handle unexpected situations and prevent your program from crashing. Here are the key elements of exception handling in Python:

1. Try-Except Blocks:

• Use try and except blocks to handle exceptions.
• Code inside the try block is executed, and if an exception occurs, it is caught and handled by the corresponding except block.

   try:
       # Code that might raise an exception
       result = 10 / 0
   except ZeroDivisionError as e:
       # Handle the specific exception
       print(f"Error: {e}")

2. Multiple Except Blocks:

• You can handle different exceptions with multiple except blocks.

   try:
       # Code that might raise an exception
       value = int("string")
   except ValueError as e:
       print(f"ValueError: {e}")
   except TypeError as e:
       print(f"TypeError: {e}")

3. Generic Except Block:

• You can use a generic except block to catch any unexpected exception.

   try:
       # Code that might raise an exception
       result = 10 / 0
   except Exception as e:
       # Handle any exception
       print(f"Error: {e}")

4. Else Block:

• The else block is executed if no exceptions are raised in the try block.

   try:
       # Code that might raise an exception
       result = 10 / 2
   except ZeroDivisionError as e:
       print(f"Error: {e}")
   else:
       print(f"Result: {result}")

5. Finally Block:

• The finally block is executed regardless of whether an exception occurs or not. It’s often used for cleanup operations.

   try:
       # Code that might raise an exception
       result = 10 / 2
   except ZeroDivisionError as e:
       print(f"Error: {e}")
   finally:
       print("Finally block: This will always execute.")

6. Custom Exceptions:

• You can create your own custom exceptions by defining a new class that inherits from the Exception class. “`python
  class CustomError(Exception):
  pass try:
  raise CustomError(“This is a custom exception.”)
  except CustomError as e:
  print(f”Custom Error: